Sharding

Sharding is the process of partitioning a large database or system into smaller, more manageable, and independent parts called shards. Each shard contains a subset of the overall data and can be stored on different servers or nodes. Sharding is usually implemented in distributed systems and NoSQL databases, where scalability and performance are critical requirements. By sharding, the system can distribute the data and workload across multiple nodes, enabling horizontal scaling and better fault tolerance. Sharding allows for better resource utilization and reduces the risk of system failures. It also improves query performance by reducing the amount of data that needs to be searched and processed for each query. Overall, sharding is essential for building scalable and resilient systems that can handle large amounts of data and traffic while ensuring high availability and performance.